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Incorporating target language semantic roles into a string-to-tree translation model Article

Chao SU, Yu-hang GUO, He-yan HUANG, Shu-min SHI, Chong FENG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 10, Pages 1534-1542 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601349

Abstract: However, it does not use any semantic information and tends to produce translations containing semanticrole confusions and error chunk sequences.In this paper, we propose two methods to use semantic roles to improve the performance of the string-to-treetranslation model: (1) adding role labels in the syntax tree; (2) constructing a semantic role tree,Our methods enable the system to train and choose better translation rules using semantic information

Keywords： Machine translation Semantic role Syntax tree String-to-tree

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Fast detection algorithm for cracks on tunnel linings based on deep semantic segmentation

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 5, Pages 732-744 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0965-y

Abstract: An algorithm based on deep semantic segmentation called LC-DeepLab is proposed for detecting the trendsFour classic semantic segmentation algorithms (fully convolutional network, pyramid scene parsing network

Keywords： tunnel engineering crack segmentation fast detection DeepLabv3+ feature fusion attention mechanism

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Optimal CNN-based semantic segmentation model of cutting slope images

Mansheng LIN; Shuai TENG; Gongfa CHEN; Jianbing LV; Zhongyu HAO

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 414-433 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0797-6

Abstract: This paper utilizes three popular semantic segmentation networks, specifically DeepLab v3+, fully convolutional

Keywords： slope damage image recognition semantic segmentation feature map visualizations

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Semantic composition of distributed representations for query subtopic mining None

Wei SONG, Ying LIU, Li-zhen LIU, Han-shi WANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018, Volume 19, Issue 11, Pages 1409-1419 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601476

Abstract: In this paper, we exploit and compare the main semantic composition of distributed representations forWe thoroughly investigate the impacts of semantic composition strategies and the types of data for learningThe empirical results show that distributed semantic representations can achieve outstanding performancefor query subtopic mining, compared with traditional semantic representations.

Keywords： Subtopic mining Query intent Distributed representation Semantic composition

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Digital twin-enabled smart facility management: A bibliometric review

Frontiers of Engineering Management doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0254-4

Abstract: In recent years, the architecture, engineering, construction, and facility management (FM) industries have been applying various emerging digital technologies to facilitate the design, construction, and management of infrastructure facilities. Digital twin (DT) has emerged as a solution for enabling real-time data acquisition, transfer, analysis, and utilization for improved decision-making toward smart FM. Substantial research on DT for FM has been undertaken in the past decade. This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of the literature on DT for FM. A total of 248 research articles are obtained from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. VOSviewer is then utilized to conduct bibliometric analysis and visualize keyword co-occurrence, citation, and co-authorship networks; furthermore, the research topics, authors, sources, and countries contributing to the use of DT for FM are identified. The findings show that the current research of DT in FM focuses on building information modeling-based FM, artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictive maintenance, real-time cyber–physical system data integration, and facility lifecycle asset management. Several areas, such as AI-based real-time asset prognostics and health management, virtual-based intelligent infrastructure monitoring, deep learning-aided continuous improvement of the FM systems, semantically rich data interoperability throughout the facility lifecycle, and autonomous control feedback, need to be further studied. This review contributes to the body of knowledge on digital transformation and smart FM by identifying the landscape, state-of-the-art research trends, and future needs with regard to DT in FM.

Keywords： digital twin building information modeling facility management semantic interoperability artificial

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Deeply missing my career idol and role model ― Professor Perry L. McCarty

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 9, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1717-x

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Toward Wisdom-Evolutionary and Primitive-Concise 6G: A New Paradigm of Semantic Communication Networks Article

Ping Zhang, Wenjun Xu, Hui Gao, Kai Niu, Xiaodong Xu, Xiaoqi Qin, Caixia Yuan, Zhijin Qin, Haitao Zhao, Jibo Wei, Fangwei Zhang

Engineering 2022, Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 60-73 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.11.003

Abstract: In particular, we aim to concretize the evolution path toward the WePCN by first conceiving a new semanticrepresentation framework, namely semantic base, and then establishing an intelligent and efficient semanticIn the IE-SC architecture, a semantic intelligence plane is employed to interconnect the semantic-empoweredphysical-bearing layer, network protocol layer, and application-intent layer via semantic informationWe also present a brief review of recent advances in semantic communications and highlight potential

Keywords： 6G Semantic information Semantic communication Intelligent communication

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Appreciating the role of big data in the modernization of environmental governance

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2022, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 163-169 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0185-x

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The role of EcoCampus in addressing sustainability in UK universities

Peter REDFERN, Hua ZHONG

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2017, Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 193-200 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017038

Abstract: Universities are key drivers of sustainable development and are well-positioned to contribute to the sustainability agenda. Universities in the United Kingdom (UK) are themselves large and influential organisations, and because of their size, can have a significant impact on the environment. Their challenge, however, is to practice what they preach and to manage their own estates and procurement decisions to reduce their impact on the environment and meet carbon reduction targets. In the UK, higher education (HE) sector Scopes 1 and 2 carbon CO e emissions have, over recent years, been falling considerably short of the emission reduction targets set by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) in all but a few institutions. Setting sector specific targets, therefore, does not guarantee success in addressing climate change. However, in those institutions adopting the EcoCampus management system approach, Scopes 1 and 2 carbon CO e emissions have fallen by up to 5% over the latest reporting period (2013/2014–2014/2015). This contrasts with the increase in emissions from those institutions who currently do not have a certified management system and are currently at the bottom of the People and Planet University League Table. (This is an independent league table of UK universities ranked by environmental and ethical performance). Environmental management systems (EMSs) are increasingly being used by organisations to improve their environmental performance. EMSs deliver many benefits such as reducing resource use and pollution, complying with relevant environmental legislation, managing risks, improving corporate reputation and saving costs. The aim of this research was to assess the carbon management performance of universities in the UK and China and relate this to the level of uptake of EMSs in these universities. The results of this research informed the development of the EMS support and awards programme called EcoCampus. EcoCampus addresses the challenges faced by universities in reducing their carbon emissions by developing an EMS in simple stages with support in a variety of different forms. This self-financing programme has now been operating successfully for over ten years. During this time, EcoCampus has worked with over 60 universities and colleges in the UK. Eighteen participants have currently achieved the highest phase of EcoCampus and certification to the international EMS standard ISO14001. There are currently 40 universities, one research institute and three colleges enrolled on the various phases of the EcoCampus programme. There are five universities from the Russell Group including Cambridge University, Imperial College London, Nottingham University, Newcastle University and University College London. The EcoCampus programme is highly successful in the UK and there is growing interest from international universities wishing to join the programme. Seven of the top ten universities in the UK’s People and Planet University League Table are EcoCampus members. All the top ten universities in the League Table have shown a reduction in their carbon emissions. In contrast, the ten institutions at the bottom of the League don’t have a certified EMS and have increased their carbon emissions. By identifying the benefits of an EMS, particularly in relation to carbon management, it is hoped that this paper will encourage organisations to develop, implement and operate an EMS. This should lead to a more sustainable sector able to lead by example.

Keywords： EcoCampus environmental management sustainable development carbon management

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The critical role of autophagy in plant responses to abiotic stresses

Yu WANG,Jie ZHOU,Jingquan YU

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 28-36 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017130

Abstract: Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved recycling process in eukaryotes whereby intracellular components are engulfed by autophagosomes, which are subsequently transferred to the vacuoles for further degradation and reuse. In organisms like yeast and metazoans, autophagy is actively engaged during environmental perturbation either by degrading denatured proteins and organelles or by interfacing with stress related signaling molecules. Studies over the last decade have also revealed numerous important mechanisms where autophagy is widely involved in plant abiotic stress responses. Autophagy serves as a pivotal route for nutrient remobilization by the degradation of superfluous or damaged cellular cytoplasmic material and organelles. It is also reported to regulate the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, to maintain the cellular redox balance of plants under stressful conditions. Furthermore, autophagy is essential in regulating cellular toxicity by removing aggregated and/or denatured proteins and thereby improving plant stress tolerance. In this review, recent advances in our understanding of autophagy, along with pathways and regulatory networks through which it influences many aspects of plant growth and development in response to nutrient starvation, oxidative stress, osmotic stress and extreme temperatures are discussed.

Keywords： abiotic stresses autophagy extreme temperature nutrient starvation osmotic stress oxidative stress

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The role of lipids in fermentative propionate production from the co-fermentation of lipid and food waste

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 7, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1686-0

Abstract:

● Lipid can promote PA production on a target from food waste.

Keywords： Acidogenic fermentation Microbial community Volatile fatty acid Propionate Food waste Lipid

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The role of microRNAs in adipocyte differentiation

Rong Zhang, Di Wang, Zhuying Xia, Chao Chen, Peng Cheng, Hui Xie, Xianghang Luo

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 223-230 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0252-8

Abstract:

Adipocytes differentiate from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a process known as adipogenesis. The programme of adipogenesis is regulated by the sequential activation of transcription factors and several signaling pathways. There is growing evidence indicating that a class of small non-coding single-stranded RNAs known as “microRNAs (miRNAs)” also are involved in this process. In this review, we summarize the biology and functional mechanisms of miRNAs in adipocyte differentiation. In addition, we further discuss the miRNAs profiling, the miRNAs function and miRNAs target prediction in the adipogenesis.

Keywords： microRNA adipocyte differentiation adipogenesis

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Organizational dynamics in adaptive distributed search processes: effects on performance and the role

Friederike WALL

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 4, Pages 283-295 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500306

Abstract: In this paper, the effects of altering the organizational setting of distributed adaptive search processes in the course of search are investigated. We put particular emphasis on the complexity of interactions between partial search problems assigned to search agents. Employing an agent-based simulation based on the framework of NK landscapes we analyze different temporal change modes of the organizational set-up. The organizational properties under change include, for example, the coordination mechanisms among search agents. Results suggest that inducing organizational dynamics has the potential to increase the effectiveness of distributed adaptive search processes with respect to various performance measures like the final performance achieved at the end of the search, the chance to find the optimal solution of the search problem, or the average performance per period achieved during the search process. However, results also indicate that the mode of temporal change in conjunction with the complexity of the search problem considerably affects the order of magnitude of these beneficial effects. In particular, results suggest that organizational dynamics induces a shift towards more exploration, i.e., discovery of new areas in the fitness landscape, and less exploitation, i.e., stepwise improvement.

Keywords： Agent-based simulation Complexity Coordination Distributed search NK landscapes

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The role of manganese oxides in the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS)

Jianzhi Huang, Huichun Zhang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 5, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1158-8

Abstract: Here, the role of MnOx (as both oxidants and catalysts) in the activation of Oxone was briefly discussed

Keywords： Peroxymonosulfate Manganese oxides Catalyst Oxidant

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Mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity: a role of ATP

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 372-382 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0862-5

Abstract: Obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes through the induction of insulin resistance. The mechanism of insulin resistance has been extensively investigated for more than 60 years, but the essential pathogenic signal remains missing. Existing hypotheses include inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, glucotoxicity, and lipotoxicity. Drug discoveries based on these hypotheses are unsuccessful in the development of new medicines. In this review, multidisciplinary literature is integrated to evaluate ATP as a primary signal for insulin resistance. The ATP production is elevated in insulin-sensitive cells under obese conditions independent of energy demand, which we have named “mitochondrial overheating.” Overheating occurs because of substrate oversupply to mitochondria, leading to extra ATP production. The ATP overproduction contributes to the systemic insulin resistance through several mechanisms, such as inhibition of AMPK, induction of mTOR, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Insulin resistance represents a feedback regulation of energy oversupply in cells to control mitochondrial overloading by substrates. Insulin resistance cuts down the substrate uptake to attenuate mitochondrial overloading. The downregulation of the mitochondrial overloading by medicines, bypass surgeries, calorie restriction, and physical exercise leads to insulin sensitization in patients. Therefore, ATP may represent the primary signal of insulin resistance in the cellular protective response to the substrate oversupply. The prevention of ATP overproduction represents a key strategy for insulin sensitization.

Keywords： type 2 diabetes energy expenditure mitochondria hyperinsulinemia hyperglucagonemia AMPK